Cutting tool



Jan. 4, 1927. 1,613,480

T. C. PORTER CUTTING Tool.

Filed Jan. 23. 1925 Fi/:9.1.

Patented Jan. 4, 1927.

UNITED STATES TYLER C. PORTER, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TOH. K. PORTER, INC., OF EVERETT, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATON OFMASSACHUSETTS.

CUTTING TOOL.

Application led January This invention relates to cutting tools and moreparticularly to tools for cutting hardened bolts and other articles oi'cafe hardened links such as are used in tire chains.

The invention will best be understood by referring to the followingdescription ahiid accompanying drawings of one illusti'ative embodimentof the invention, whei'ein:

1 is a side elevation of a cutting tool;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the cutting jaws and guard takensubstantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. l; and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary transverse section of a different form ofcutting edge.

In the drawings I have shown a cutting tool embodying a pair of cuttingjaw members l provided with blunt abutting cutting edges 2, which edgesmay be rounded (see Fig. 2) or otherwise formed as, for example, by thesquaring olf of the tapered edges as shown in Fig. 3. The effectiveopposed severing portions or suifaces of said edges are desir-ablydisposed substantially symmetrical to a plane of movement common to bothcutting` jaws during the severing operations, and these faces are freefrom cutting edges such as are defined by the intersection of angularplanes. By making the cutting edges blunt, say, for example, conveXlycurved on a radius approximating one-sixth of the diameter of work ofcapacity size, or one-sixth the thickness of the cutters, they may bevery highly tempered, in fact substantially to a maximum degree ofhardness possible without producing temper cracks and much higher thanwould be possible with a. lkeen edge because of the tendency ot thelatter to chip when hardened or case hardened articles are attempted tobe cut. When cooperat'ng blunt or convex portions aie used the bodies ofmetal composing the cutting edges will possess sufficient solidity toprevent chipping during the cutting of ar ticles possessing even agreat-er degree of hardness than the edges themselves provided, however,that the hardening of the articles to be cut is merely a surface or casehardening, and not one that extends entirely therethrough. In the formercase the operation is more in the natuie of a crushing ac'- tion than acutting action.

Obviously the thicker the cutting edge the greater will be the powerrequired for effecting the cutting operations. To this end I preferablyemploy cutter operating means 23, 1925. Serial No. 4,276.

suoli, for example, as of the types disclosed in Patents Nes. 484,670;720,835; 830,453 and 862,279, although it should be understood that theinvention is not limited to these types.

Briefiy the cuttei operating means of said patents and as illustratedherein include aws l arranged to swing about pivots preferably separatedfrom each other and constituting bolts 8 which extend through andconnect together opposite ends of straps 4 lying against opposite facesof said jaws. The tails of the cutting jaws 1 are pivotally connectedwith operating levers or handles 5 preferably through links 6 each ofwhich latter is pivoted at 6a to the handle 5 and at 6b to the tail ofits jaw 1. The operating handles 5 are desirably pivotally united by astud 7 which normally lies substantially between the tails of said jawsl and in such a relation as to effect a powerful toggle-like actionthrough the links 6 upon said jaws when the handles 5 are operated. Thelinks 6 are each provided with an adjustable abutnient herein in theform of a screw 6 adjustable in said link so as normally to bear againstthe edge of its respective handle lever 5 as illustrated and impart theexact amount of movement to the cutting jaw necessary to bring twocutting edges together and to take up for wear on the joints of saidlevers and on said cutting edges.

Preferably the cutting edges 2 of the aws are made relatively short,particularly when used to cut hardened material such as tii'e chains soas to prevent the overloading of the tool. In this case said edges willbe only long enough to receive one side of a link, the wire of which isof the maximum size capable of being` cut by the tool. Often times thecutting jaws are capable of being opened much wider than is necessary toadmit work of a capacity diameter and, to prevent the insertion ofoversize work, I herein provide a guard S. This guard is desirablyplaced close up to one face at least of the cutters and has a throat 9of the desired width disposed symmetrically with respect to the meetingoi' abutting line of the cutting edges. In the present example the guard8 is arranged against one face of the jaws and fitted over the strap 4at that side. The pivotal screws 3 for the jaws l may be and preferablyare used to retain said guard in operative position.

loo

Cil

Owing to variations in hardness and in the shapes of the work to be outthe throat 9 may be wider' in proportion to the movement of the cuttingedges at certain times as when the material is soft, than when it ishard. In view ot suoli variations guard throats ot' different sizes maybe required and when such is the case, the guard 8 may be replaced byone having the desired width ot' throat. Preferably, however', Ihaveprovided a guard having adjustable sido members 1l) mounted to slidetoward and away from each other along guides 11 formed upon the bodyo't` said guard 8. Means are also provided for securing said members inadj uted relation, said means herein including screws 12 extending`through slots 13 in said side members and into screw-threaded engagementwith lugs 1li projecting torwardly from upstanding portions 15 otsaidguard and into their respective slots 13.

lVith the foregoing arrangen'ient, the side members ot the guard throatmay be moved and secured in substantially any of their intermediatepositions and the opposite side members may be at ditllerent distancesfrom the abutting plane ot the. cutting edges so as to compensate forirregularities in shape of the work. For all ordinary purposes, however,it is desirable to maintain the work engaging faces 1G of said sidemembers equidistant from the aforesaid plane and, to this end, said workengaging portions are made substantially wider' than their bodies toform shoulders 17 and 18 adjacent opposite t'aces ot said bodies. Theshoulders 17 are equally distant from their work faces 1G but thisdistance desirably diilers from the distance ot' the shoulders 18 fromsaid work faces whereby a plurality of steps, herein two, are providedfor engaging the inner edges 19 of the upstanding members 15.

lVhen 'a wide throat is required, tho movable side members 10 may beplaced with their shoulders 17 abutting the edges 19 of said guard andpositively prevent spreading ot' said members. To provide a narrowerthroat, the positions ot the side members may be reversed so as to bringthe shoulders 18 in abutting relation with said edges 1S) and therebyalso provide a narrow throat with rigid sides when such is desired, thescrews 1Q serving in the last two instances merely to preventinadvertent displacement or movement ot said side members.

rilthouo'h I have disclosed and discussed in detail one full andcomplete embodiment ol my invention for illustrative purposes only, itis to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto.

Claims.

1. A metal severing tool comprising cooperating' jaws provided withopposed blunt operative edges abutting one with another in i'ace to facecontact and cooperating operating levers united with said jaws to formtoggles for actuating said jaws.

i). In a metal severing tool, cooperating jaws provided with opposedblunt operative edges abutting one with another in face to l 'faceContact, the contacting portions thereof being tree of cutting edgessuch as are deiined by the intersection of angular planes.

8. 1n a metal severing tool, cooperating jaws having operating edgeshardened to an abnormally high degree and possessing a substantiallyuniform degree ot hardness throughout, the effective severing portionsot raid edges being defined by opposed surfaces, as distinguished from aline, arranged ior tace to tace contact.

L1. A cutting tool comprising cooperating cutting jaws provided withconvex operative edges arranged to abut one with another in tace to tacecontact, the thickness of said cutting edges being approximatelyone-sixth the thickness ot' said cutting jaws.

In a metal severing tool, cooperating jaws having opposed operativeedges constituting surfaces arranged for face to face contact, and meansto prevent the insertion between said jaws of work above a pre-'determined size.

G. A tool for severing hardened metals in cluding cooperating cuttingjaws provided with blunt abutting edges, the ettective severing portionsof said abutting edges being disposed substantially symmetrical to a)lane of movement of the cutting jaws during the severing operation, andhaving their contacting portions iiree from edges such as are defined bythe intersection ot angular planes.

7. ln a cutting tool, cooperating swinging jaws, removable cooperatingmembers tenter-ming a throat ofnselected widths symmetrically toregister with the abutting plane of the edges of said jaws and shoulderson said co-operating members to rigidly maintain the co-opcrating edgesof said members at a plurality o1 positions equidistant from saidabutting plane.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

TYLER o. roeren.

